You have asked a very interesting question.
Chill hours are roughly the number of hours between the temperatures of 32-45 degrees f.
Winter hours above 60 degrees are subtracted from the totals.
The idea is that a deciduous plant goes dormant in the cold winter to protect itself from the cold.
The USDA zone tells you the coldest temperatures in your area.
Broadly speaking, the chill hours tell you how long the cold temperatures last.
Luckily, there are institutions already tracking this information for you.
Contact a Master Gardener in your area or call the state plant board.
If a tree doesn’t
experience enough chill hours in the winter the flower buds might not open at all in spring, or they might open unevenly.
In addition, the production of leaves may also be delayed.
A low-chill tree in a high-chill area would break dormancy too soon and be damaged, or even killed, by the cold weather.
Redhawk