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Hugelkultur, is an advanced permaculture technique for creating self-sustaining raised garden beds filled with decomposing wood. The technique involves burying a variety of wood materials, including logs, branches, twigs, and even whole trees, under layers of soil, creating a complex and dynamic environment for plant growth. As the wood decomposes, it acts as "a sponge to hold water," reducing the need for irrigation. This decomposition also generates heat, which can extend the growing season, particularly in cooler climates. The shrinking wood creates air pockets, making the beds "self-tilling" and promoting excellent aeration for plant roots. These "parking spaces for water and nutrients," as described by Paul Wheaton, enhance soil fertility, attract beneficial microorganisms, and release nutrients, reducing or eliminating the need for fertilizers. Hugelkultur beds are remarkably adaptable and can be built in various shapes and sizes, as exemplified by Sepp Holzer's large-scale project in Dayton, Montana, which features nearly a kilometer of hugelkultur beds.

Hugelkultur, meaning "hill culture" in German, is a sustainable gardening method that involves creating raised garden beds by burying wood under soil. This technique, described as "soil on wood," uses logs, branches, twigs, and even whole trees, which decompose and act as "a sponge to hold water". The decomposition process attracts beneficial microorganisms, creates air pockets, and releases nutrients, resulting in fertile soil that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation and fertilization. Hugelkultur is a versatile technique that can be implemented on a small scale or on a large scale, even spanning nearly a kilometer. By utilizing wood that would otherwise be discarded, hugelkultur promotes environmental sustainability and aligns with permaculture principles, allowing gardeners to "grow a typical garden without irrigation or fertilization"

The willow feeder system is a sustainable and "freaky-cheap" method of managing human waste, developed by permaculture innovator Paul Wheaton as an alternative to traditional septic systems and sewage treatment plants. This innovative system transforms human waste into a nutrient-rich fertilizer, called "willow candy," through a process of mummification. Instead of composting the waste, as in composting toilets, the willow feeder system relies on a dry environment within sealed garbage cans to prevent decomposition and the survival of pathogens. A small amount of sawdust is added to the cans, primarily for aesthetics. After two years of aging, the "willow candy" becomes pathogen-free and can be safely used as fertilizer. This material, rich in carbon and nitrogen, is particularly beneficial for "poop beasts," a term used to describe trees like willow, cottonwood, poplar, and bamboo, which can tolerate and thrive on the high nutrient levels. By turning human waste into a valuable resource for growing these beneficial plants, the willow feeder system embodies the core principles of permaculture, promoting a closed-loop cycle that minimizes waste and environmental impact.