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WOFATI, an acronym for Woodland Oehler Freaky-cheap Annualized Thermal Inertia, is an innovative approach to sustainable building developed by permaculture expert Paul Wheaton. WOFATI structures are designed to be eco-friendly, utilizing locally sourced natural materials, primarily wood and earth. These structures are intended to be located on or near woodlands, promoting a harmonious integration with the natural surroundings. Annualized Thermal Inertia, a key element of WOFATI design, harnesses the thermal mass of the surrounding earth to provide passive heating in winter and cooling in summer, thereby minimizing the need for artificial temperature regulation. WOFATI structures are inspired by the work of Mike Oehler, a pioneer in earth-sheltered building known for his simple, "freaky-cheap" designs, which Wheaton has adapted and refined to further reduce construction costs. WOFATI buildings are typically characterized by a large gable roof on the downhill side, with at least 35% of the uphill wall featuring glass or other light-transmitting materials to maximize passive solar gain. Allerton Abbey, the first WOFATI structure, and Wofati 0.8 are both located at Wheaton Labs in Montana and serve as prominent examples of this unique building style.
"Pooless," a term popularized in the permaculture community, refers to the practice of forgoing commercial shampoos, conditioners, and soaps in favor of natural alternatives or simply water. Advocates for this approach cite numerous benefits, including reduced exposure to harsh chemicals, improved hair and scalp health, and decreased environmental impact. The transition to "poolessness" often involves an adjustment period, as the scalp rebalances its natural oil production (sebum). Common methods include rinsing with baking soda and apple cider vinegar solutions, brushing to distribute natural oils, and using a flea comb and soapy water for cleaning. While some individuals experience challenges like dandruff, waxiness, or static electricity, many report positive outcomes, including reduced scalp issues, increased hair thickness and body, and even the disappearance of chronic migraines. "Poolessness" aligns with permaculture principles by reducing reliance on commercial products, minimizing chemical usage, and promoting a more natural and sustainable approach to personal care.
A dry outhouse, a simple and sustainable alternative to conventional flush toilets and septic systems, is frequently discussed within permaculture circles as a means of minimizing environmental impact and maximizing resource utilization. This type of outhouse is characterized by a pit dug into the ground, strategically located on a higher elevation point to encourage water runoff and maintain dryness. Key design elements for a successful dry outhouse include a "no pee" policy, the use of ample sawdust for odor control and composting, and urine diversion mechanisms, particularly important for accommodating female anatomy. While concerns about groundwater contamination exist, proper placement, construction, and the incorporation of heavy-feeding trees or plants like willows in a "tree bog" system can mitigate these risks. Furthermore, the integration of a urine separator can significantly reduce the volume and toxicity of waste, facilitating easier composting and nutrient recycling. The dry outhouse, particularly when combined with urine diversion and careful management, offers a cost-effective and environmentally sound approach to sanitation, aligning with permaculture principles of resource conservation and closed-loop systems.
Dehydrating food with electricity can cost hundreds of dollars, plus heat your house when you don't want heat. A solar dehydrator not only runs for free, but is arguably the most efficient use of solar power. Solar dehydrators can be made from different recycled materials: old refrigerators, reclamed lumber, sheet glass and miscellaneous hardware.
Dry outhouses offer a multitude of positive environmental impacts, aligning perfectly with the core principles of permaculture and sustainable living. Unlike conventional flush toilets that waste gallons of clean water and contribute to pollution, dry outhouses conserve water and prevent contamination. The "no pee" policy, combined with effective urine diversion systems, further minimizes the volume of waste and potential for groundwater pollution. The use of sawdust not only controls odors but also facilitates a dry composting process, essentially mummifying the waste over time and reducing it to poop-jerky after two years. This aged material is then safely used as a nutrient-rich fertilizer for "poop beast" trees like willows, poplars, and cottonwoods. This willow feeder system not only prevents harmful waste from entering the environment but also actively enriches the soil, promoting the growth of beneficial plants and trees. By avoiding chemical fertilizers and promoting natural decomposition, dry outhouses contribute to a healthier ecosystem, aligning with the HUSP (Horticulture of the United States of Pocahontas) concept that emphasizes sustainable land management practices. Furthermore, the absence of a water-intensive septic system eliminates the risk of leaks and contamination, safeguarding groundwater and promoting ecological balance. Therefore, dry outhouses offer a compelling example of how simple, well-designed systems can have a profound positive impact on the environment.