In steel roofing construction there’d normally be a sheet of insulation placed under it – the common stuff here is silver on one side and insulated on the other. Google ‘installation of sarking under metal roof’.
The sarking is installed length wise from the ridge to the top plate. With straw bales, it would extend over them so any moisture falls outside near the eaves. There
should be sufficient insulation in the roof cavity to prevent too much condensation forming.
Also, that is why straw bales are usually coated with a lime or earth render – it breathes.