In India the norm has always been to wash with water over a squat toilet (or the ground), and not use toilet paper. Modern middle
class houses all over India now have a pedestal seat toilet like the west, and toilet paper handy, but they also have a sprayer. Sometimes the sprayer is plumbed in from the wall nearby, and is a squeeze valve sprayer such as are often on kitchen sinks in the US. Increasingly, instead there is a small water jet attached under the seat: you turn a handle and a narrow, strong, precisely aimed jet hits your crack, and you can wiggle and get it right on your anus. I'm not crazy about using water in the middle of the day or when not at home, because I feel sort of damp in my clothes for a while afterwards. Frankly I prefer toilet paper and a daily bathe. Oh, but the water system is great for women who use menstrual cups.
Here's a typical modern jet that is installed under the seat unobtrusively:
http://www.indiamart.com/ajantapolymers/toilet-seat-cover.html#jet-spray-toilet-seat-cover
I googled briefly and found this traveler's tale:
http://mumbaiontheslowlocal.blogspot.in/2012/11/talking-crap-indian-toiletsvariations.html
Here's a dead serious explanation:
http://www.wikihow.com/Use-an-Indian-Bathroom
I googled Indian toilet jet
spray and saw this link (but can't click YouTube from this poor connection)
How To Install A Bidet
Spray To ANY Toilet! Hygienic and ...
eBay in the US seems to have a section called "Toilet attachments and bidets" and there's one listed for $30 that you attach to the seat.