Welcome to the Puget Sound! I'm still relatively new to gardening, though I've lived my whole life here.
For fruit tree varieties, I've based by buying decisions off of this this list by David Bullock:
https://permies.com/t/9214/plants/Douglas-Bullock-Fruit-Tree-Recommendations, as well as this list here:
http://nwfruit.org/recommended-fruit-trees/. If it's not on those lists, I just don't buy it!
For non-perennial varieties, I base my selections off of what Erica Strauss at Northwest Edible Life suggests to plant:
http://www.nwedible.com/seed-selection-made-very-very-simple/. She also frequesntly post monthly "What to Do in the Garden" guides, so I follow those for what to plant each month. This should link to here list of them (
http://www.nwedible.com/topics/gardening/to-do-lists/). I also use Seattle Tilth's "The Maritime Northwest Garden Guide" for the same reason (
http://www.seattletilth.org/get-involved/gardenstore).
As for affordable native varieties, I don't know if we have a state nursery (that'd be great if we do!), but most counties around here have yearly "Plant Sales" around February. Here's King County's
http://www.kingcd.org/pro_native.htm and here's Snohomish COunty's (
http://snohomishcd.org/annual-plant-sale). They don't seem to currenlty have lists of their plant's but I know they have mountain huckleberry, red hucklberry, serviceberry, bunchberry, dogwood, salmonberry, lingonberry, thimbleberry, wild strawberry, the coastal strawberry, and even echinacia. Those are all edible. They also have hemlocks, noble firs, indian plum and other non-edible natives. The plants are small and bareroot, but they all seemed healthy.
As for roadside protection, remember that we don't get as much sun here as you did in Kentucky. My property is surrounded by trees and is north-facing, so I fight to get enough sun. You might not want the tall hemlocks. I don't know your property, though! For a fast-growing native tree, elderberry and alders are great. They grow fast, and the alder's fix nitrogen. Be aware, though, they both like to fall down. That makes timber harvest easy, but not so great for being by a road. Maybe someone else knows a good fast growing tree? Maybe non-staining mulberries, so you can eat them, too? Or make a hedge of salmonberries or thimbleberries. They get around 6-10 feet tall. The salmonberries are more vigorous than the thimbleberries, and have thorns, which the thimbleberries do not. I love the taste of thimbleberries!
I hope some of that helps you!