Are you talking about tent worms? If so, it is my understanding that some trees are healthy and established enough to survive the tent worms defoliation of their leaves. I would assume that means some trees won't be healthy enough to survive, though I haven't had any of my infected trees die.
Then again, I use a long pole with a small crook atttached to the end and stick it in the web, wrap all the tent & worms up I can reach like cotton candy and then dunk them in a big
bucket of
water. Dead worms get composted. I don't want to take the chance that my fruit or nut trees will not survive the tent worms. Some webs are too high for my pole (with extension) to reach, but as long as my trees have leaves on the branches I can reach, the trees have survived. Some people suggest using fire instead of water, but there are often burn bans in effect here and fire can get out of control (whereas I've never had my bucket of water escape
).
It helps to understand the life cycle of the pest. Here is info I found useful:
[url=https://prezi.com/g25hgxpl9_fi/forest-tent-caterpillars/
Helpful to scrape off the egg cases when you can see them in winter/early spring before the trees leaf out. Just search for "tent worm egg cases" to find lots of photos.