In my (inexperienced) opinion, I think light straw will be the way to go; putting strawbale onto the existing structure will mean that you lose square footage (as the bales are wider than the framing) and, unless you already accounted for it, your new roof overhangs will probably not be long
enough to shield your cob as well as you would like(not to mention the existing foundation might not be beefy enough to handle the weight of cob.)
As far as interior walls, maybe look at wattle & daub? thinner, lighter, and fun for the whole family
You can always save cob for outbuildings though, then you'd get the whole
experience building something to 100% all by yourself!
Growing on my small acre in SW USA; Fruit/Nut trees w/ annuals, Chickens, lamb, pigs; rabbits and in-laws onto property soon.
Long term goal - chairmaker, luthier, and stay-at-home farm dad. Check out my music! https://www.youtube.com/@Dustyandtheroadrunners