Hmmm...90% of my meals take less than 10 minutes of actual standing/prep time but I am NOT a
vegetarian which makes things much simpler.
Typical meal (multiple choice options)
Pan fried meat -- Fish in butter (heat butter in pan, put fish in, flip 3 minutes later and add spices/teriyaki sauce etc..., remove when done). Pan fried chicken breasts (boneless breasts cooked hole or in strips). Like fish, add to hot pan with oil, turn after 5 minutes. And steak which is excellent when pan fried the right way. Get pan hot, ad a generous amount of oil, sear steak on both sides for 5 minutes or so then remove. The oil does not soak into the meat but it transmits the heat which is important for a nice crispy seared outside with a tender juicy inside. Pork chops can be done the same way and breaded if desired.
Baked Chicken or Beef -- Heat up
oven, put chicken breasts or roast in pan, put in oven and then remove when done. Throw a couple of small baking potatoes in the oven at the start and that is your side dish.
Basic carb/starch side dish -- rice, pasta, egg noodles, and sometimes potatoes (potatoes, unless baked hole do take a 5 minutes to wash and then chop up). Pasta or rice takes about 2 minutes of actual prep time. Just add water and rice, then boil and check once to turn down heat. For pasta just bring water to a boil, add pasta, and remove when done.
Vegetables -- Frozen veggies are the easiest since they are already chopped and cleaned. Bring pan of water to a boil with a steamer basket (optional), open bag, pour in, then remove from heat when done. Total time 2 minutes or less. Extra tip -- if you are using frozen vegetables with a short cook time like broccoli, just let them thaw and throw them on top of some mostly cooked rice to steam them to perfection without using a separate pot.
As far as leftovers -- if you are baking chicken do an extra piece. You can cut up the leftover chicken and add to cream of chicken soup which goes great over rice (chicken al-la-king) or pastam or make chicken salad for a sandwich, or add to a green salad etc.... Leftover steak also has many uses, slice it on top of a salad or my favorite is just eating it cold with a big hunk of french bread and some steak sauce.
I don't use a whole lot of spices but they can be thrown onto meat and other dishes quickly, I do however use a lot of butter on veggies and starches once plated.
In your situation I would also read cook time instructions and plan accordingly and also use a timer so you don't have to get up and check to see when things are done.