Now for Ariel!
I saw a lot of hypothetical dates for when and where this movie took place. Many thought that, since it was written by Hans Christian Anderson in 1837 in Denmark, that the movie takes place then and there, too.
But, things seem far too warm and Mediterranean for Denmark, and Prince Eric's boat looks like it's from the Golden Age of Piracy (1650 to 1730s), I think it makes more sense to place it in a warmer climate and an earlier time. Ariel's mother was also killed by a pirate when Ariel was young, so I think the 1660's make sense. Also, the servants wear clothing very similar to 1660's style, and Prince Eric's shirt looks like the shirts worn during that era, rather than the early Victorian shirts. Literally no one in the movie is wearing anything from the 1830s, so I can easily rule that out.
Some people like to think it takes place in the Danish West Indies (in the Caribbean) or in the Mediterranean. I think the styles for royalty were about the same in either place, so I'm not too concerned about it.
Also, fascinatingly enough, there's actually a lot of poofy-sleeved, wide-necked dresses in this era, too!
The working-class women's clothing is very similar to Ariel's, too:
Note: the "pinks" in this era are more of a salmon color. Madder is the usual plant used for dying reds and pinks, and it lends itself to a more orangish hue. They might have access to cochineal from the Americas for making more purple-ish pinks, but I'm not certain when that was imported... I also tried to change Ariel's posture in her ballgown to match the posture and dressshape that came from the stays used during that time period. I did not change Ariel's hair, because I wanted her to look like herself, and also because she liked her hair free-flowing and might not have been patient with lady's maids messing with her hair when she just became human! I did switch out her hat for a more historical hat (which would also help prevent sunburn during her adventures!)
The 1660s Restoration Costume Comes to LifeThis whole website is a GOLD MINE of information for this era, with sections on everything from shoes to shirts to rich and poor clothing to even hats and bonnets! Nearly all of the images posted above were taken from this site.