Old traditional methods of building roads are less toxic, but unfortunately it is the toxic nature of asphalt that makes it work better for roads. It stops plants from growing, because it is toxic, so the road surface does not get broken down by
roots, and covered over with grass.
If you want to do something less toxic, it will not be as long lasting.
In Wales, the traditional way to build roads, was by firstly putting down large rock, then smaller rock, these were both for drainage, and stability. Then they would literally build a wall on the ground, out of stone. Called cobblestones. It is a very labour intensive job and you need a lot of readily available stone, of good quality, with at least one flat side to it. So it is not easy for most people to do. It is like the modern brick paving, but with rocks. After putting down cobbles, they would sometimes add crushed stone, which was always the most toxic stone they could find, to keep plants from growing on it. This was only suitable on flatter areas, where the crushed stone would not wash away. On steep roads, the cobbles would be left bare, but obviously would then get grass growing in between them, and need clearing every year. Traditionally this clearing was done by a team of men with hoes. Modern version is a council worker with a canister of weedkiller, but either way, it has to be cleared if you use non-toxic materials. Or you will end up with an unstable road, full of muddy puddles. Certainly this is better for nature, and for
permaculture principles, but not so good if you need to drive on it lol