your answer has merit but doesn't consider the different conditions in todays world. For instance I have a Pyreneese pup who likes to roam when bored, he may not go for but neighbors half a mile away might shoot a roaming dog not to mention the laws against this. As well as a pie chart of the life span of these dogs list lost or run away as a major section by the sixth year. I am considering a containment/ tracking collar as well but having a hard time finding an exceptable one for a 40 acre lot
