Patrik Schumann

Ben Brownell wrote:Without heavy equipment, options seem rather limited on that scale. Dealing with not just trunks but stumps there is quite a challenge, if you want to convert toward meadow conditions. I'd be inclined to consider large pit burning to further reduce woody material into charcoal, and slowly work through the area in patches. It sounds like it's pretty flat topography, or I'd consider stacking log segments into any gullies or depressions and burying. One more thought is just playing with some creative "snow fence" lines of log poles to create a bunch of minor microclimates and more protected zones (shade and browse) that also catch winter snow drifts for additional hydration.

There's no funding for any of it, though could ask rancher at far back to use his road & lower his fence if we were to obtain use of equipment.  No need to deal with stumps & can simply drop hazards & let everything just decompose in place.  It was a meadow encroached by trees likely historically cleared by fire cycle, called El Valle because same soil as in valley far below, possibly long ago dryland farmed for wheat or beans.  It's as flat as could be, helpful for infiltration of just adequate normal 22" of rain, & 2% slope does fill a stock pond in lowest corner.  The cow trail is more deeply cut than any drainage line.  I do like the snow poles idea.  It's at this sweet spot near highest precip location in NM, getting fairly reliable winter snow & somewhat extended summer monsoon.  Apricot is my dryland benchmark which need the right 8" to survive, 16" to be healthy, 24" to produce.  Having just pounded a 2' hole at center for soil test pit, I'm looking at an auger to drill hundreds if we can line up fencing & rootstock.  

Anne Miller wrote:Your project sounds good.

Can you plant mushrooms?

Add wood chips?

It's a 500' climb to the top of the mesa on steep rocky hillside with incised drainages, eroded old tracks, loose rock.  Could inoculate with chain oil & spread spores, though what's native is likely already blowing around so better to just foster substrate.  Could possibly eventually get a chipper up there but it would have to eat small-med trees.  

Thanks Douglas, These trees are charcoal on the exterior only but after four years are already rotting through & coming down.  No sign of that two years ago.  Local salvage loggers have been surprised.  A friend & mentor who's a tree explorer & nurseryman + soil microbial inoculant manufacturer says they have a full spectrum of fungi from exterior to center.  Failing any experimental guidance, collaboration, or support, I'm just going to leave a buffer untouched then fell E-W to get into soil contact + make winter shade lines & snowblow barriers so more lingers to melt in place rather than sublimate away.  Happy to compare notes.

Good day,

I'm looking for project case studies of using burn-killed timber for soil improvement in forest regeneration, reforestation, agro-forestry, orchard horticulture.  

I've started working a site burned over by the Hermit Peak Calf Canyon wildfire, New Mexico's largest ever, in 2022.  The rest was lightly & beneficially burned but 70ac of ponderosa thicket on a level mesa top at 7700' were 100% killed, are starting to keel over & snap in wind, dangerous enough people don't want to go up there, there's some post-fire aerial seeded & weeded + light meadow cover, the fences remain down & cattle wander through.  It's very difficult to near impossible to get heavy equipment up there.  

My proposal is to clear the boundary lines, get the fences back up, in contrast to the extensive grasing outside manage it as an intensive rotation grass bank.  Within that exclose ½ with a wildlife fence to keep out deer/ elk/ rabbit/ bear to compare that regeneration.  Within that plant a seed tree repository of the best genetics most valuable native species.  Within that replicate as a dryland planting the 600-variety collection of high- & dry-land adapted fruit/ nut/ berry we're propagating into the river valley below.  

I'd like to try various side-by-side treatments of the burned trees to soil surface across these different zones.  Thanks for any references & referrals.

Well, summer is migrating from primary, winter, family homestead to forest-steads & secondary, summer, fallback homestead.  First a two-week break in lush green over-watered over-grown north-central Appalachia, planning & prepping autumn & spring heavy thinning & plantings + mundane matters like ground transportation/ equipment staging/ food provisioning, seeking cost-share funding to help make good other peoples' degradations & other generations' neglect, picking off & gouging out every day's ticks, jumping in a real lake with wet water.  Can barely lift a finger when temps + humidity both over 80.  Second, hot bone-dry high desert homestead which caretaker eventually turned out to water minimally but not to cultivate at all.  Then, southern Rockies dry forest for beginning monsoon, hinterland recently ¼ burned to standing charcoal & ⅔ spot-burned scattered openings, the rest meadow with running rivulet, old acequia & orchard, new fruit/ nut/ berry plantings.  Chainsaw, brush cutter, hand saw, pruner, shovel, pick-mattock, rolling rocks into rills & gullies, lidar precision GIS individual tree database, fuelwood & riving.  Working on putting up shelters, deer exclosures, rain-water tanks, equipment storage, orchard-gardens, greenhouses, nurseries.  Dream of shipping container, solar, forestry E-UTV.  Getting as far as a few weeks solo + friends can before heading back to winter horticulture.  Always over-whelmed, never well-resourced, gritting my teeth, hauling out the old body, but realised making do is the only way & this is the life for me.  

I'm with Joe Lofthouse.  

When I got started growing & planting in high- & dry-lands, I had come from thinning & pruning in humid upland forest, reconning backcountry traces across Southwest North America + subsistence mountain valleys & desert oases of Central Asia, + learning from tree specialists (& JR Smith 1929), + collectors like Gabriel Howearth + breeders like Alan Kapuler in person.  

Rule of thumb was 80% survival but regional observations & early efforts inverted that, not to mention Nature likes the final say on each one.  

I started with filling niches & zones, on small sites crowding-in, always overplanting, easier to get something out than in & up, & as I came to better understand population & breeding genetics, putting in or around the widest possible diversity within adapted species & selections.  Starting from seed & with volunteers, descendants can become new varieties, chop & drop, be grafted over, or just eaten.  The food forest becomes repository + source.  

RMore recently right here I learned about the Greeks just seeding waste dryland with discard apricot & olive pits to let them grow & self-thin + -select, plus elsewhere about the Miyawaki method.  It's missed opportunities to simply put everything into a single individual selection & placement then for it to fail.

That's all right, much depends on one's principles, objectives, resources, path.  

I myself have over several decades been working up seasonal migrations I can pull off & my wife can manage far into old age, we & our young teen can subsist on any place therein indefinitely, a setup that carries itself & us financially at basic needs+ level, that offers choices & options no matter what comes at any level, that all have mutually supportive communities.  

We can't do it all ourselves so we have thrown in for several components with others.  The carrying costs at one three-decade homestead can be paid by a single housemate, at the other one-decade old by a built-out rental unit, both of those have full subsistence horticultural food production.  A half-dozen usufructus orchards with my rare fruit/ nut/ berry collections on their land for ½ & ½ cuttings & harvests.  The taxes at one forest by ten cords of fuelwood, also with another, the usufructus/ collective subsistence forestry & horticulture with semi-permanent camps & indefinite stay in emergency.  

No need to pull up & start over away from family, friends, places going back to childhood.

Ever less land, more demand, higher prices, poorer condition, more work, less stability, higher risk, & that's if things don't go really bad.  The extinction crisis includes horticultural varieties, traditional/ historical/ heirloom cultivars, local land races; I started my work on that long before I had any land to call my own & I'm still collecting, learning, losing.  Self-sufficiency in biomass & nutrient cycling + water availability are additional constraints which took years to decades to secure, & the latter is diminishing for us again.

The amount of "arable" land per person has gone down to 0.17ha (WB 2023) or 0.42ac; "agricultural" depends much more on definition, variously including extensive grasing &/ or forestry.  Years ago with more promising data I was looking for 9-27ac.  

Duhon & Jeavons have shown complete nutrition from 1500sf/ 140m² pp under ideal, year-round, Bio-intensive conditions.  Factor in other basic needs+, any income, climate variability, weather events, production uncertainty, harvest losses, forest resources, foraging, contingencies, emergencies, etc, for your own circumstances & localit-y/ -ies.  

It's taken several decades, now we own two different inner-urban drylands homesteads under full production each with the absolute minimum (though opposite grow seasons), & have usufructus rights in several high desert orchards + two different climate low-00ac remote forestry parcels.  

I am ever more concerned, somewhat less for us but very much for others.  I continue to search for & initiate efforts towards cooperative subsistence.  

I practise different protocols on the three sites under my long-term care.  

In northern Appalachia over-stocked degraded mixed forest lacking natural hardwoods regeneration for 40-60 years I drop most pine to get light to forest floor & keep deer off long enough for any of what was once a carpet of maple & oak seedlings to get to above browse.  There's only a couple of black cherry & shagbark hickory left out there on 120ac, no young-uns, but I've seen the occasional hickory nut lying around.  As I finish heavy thinning over the next few years, I'll plant back black walnut, more cherry & hickory, diverse other quality hardwoods/ ecological keystone/ fruit-nut-berry, into the strategic fuelbreaks & especially propagation repositories & regeneration sources at their intersections.  I hope to have the question you're posing but never have to do anything about it.  

In inner-urban high desert I have, in order, windblown elm (I save lacebark only), bird-dropped hackberries (leave best-/ move worst-placed), gravity-dropped honeylocust (ditto), rarely a mulberry (ditto but white coveted over black).  None of the many high- & dry-land adapted fruit/ nut/ berry are volunteering yet, except apricots which are wide crosses & I move to test/ use for rootstock, but we're aiming for more of that as we propagate up & integrate in to a high-country river valley/ mesa forest location burned over with full range of impacts in our state's biggest ever wildfire.    

In coastal sub-tropics, food production let alone reseeding is heavily impacted by birds & rodents, so I only see loquat (nispero, move for rootstock), pitanga (surinam cherry, give to friends), rootstock plum (cull), + many fly-ins mostly Brasilian pepper & what looks to me like Guaje (namesake of Oaxaca) both highly desirable for different reasons but invasive so culled.