Definately confirm the bamboo isnt a spreading type.
For the hedge, are you patient or looking for a quicker screen. Cheap can be liners or cheap could be 1 gal or 3 gal, etc.
Holly - Slower grower, attractive berries.
Thuja - We planted about 40 of them on our property entrance. Planted in Georgia clay, Irrigated from time to time, lost 2 or 3. 5 years later, around 8 ft tall. Beautiful but will take some time to get there. You mentioned heavy shearing, which looks brutal on some hedges, too formal. These look better simply spaced out. No shearing if you are patient to let them fill out. Not necessarily cheap.
Magnolia - The evergreen ones, grandifloras, are slower growing and well, would look brutal trimmed to a hedge. With the shape they fill out to, seems too unnatural. Not cheap.
Wax Myrtle - After 16 years in the coastal lowcountry, I despise them BUT, they are tough as nails, shear easy and fast growing. Should be cheap. Top choice of the ones listed.
Dare I add, Leyland Cypress - Evergreen, grows in clay, grows fast and can be butchered. Only caveat could be bagworms or spider mites.
