Thespruce.Com has a cross reference for companion planting that is fairly good!
I plan to try planting my cabbage with the potatoes this year. I heard that they each act as a pest deterrent for the other.
Rule of thumb for us has always been to not plant
root crop with or following root crop. Garlic is difficult to use as a companion plant because of the timing and garlic hates competition from any plant. I've only had luck using elephant garlic in the flower bed to deter
deer from munching the daylilies (aka deer candy) but I have to keep it far away from the iris which could transmit a virus as it did to some overwintering onions I planted once. I try to keep all the allium family in the same field so in the fall we leave a space, after planting the garlic. In the spring I use the space to plant the onions, shallots and leeks. By the time the porcelain bulbs are ready to be removed, the last of the onions are done. We follow with broccoli, kale, collards, kohlrabi starts as each section of garlic is removed. Timing the brassicas for late season helps deter cabbage moth damage as well.