Andie,
Water - I live in Washington, and when it rains it pours! My house lies in the middle of the western sloping plot with a driveway to the south and a (neglected) sideyard to the north. As you've probably guessed, when it rains my back doorstep drops down into a muddy swamp. I've managed to divert most of the water in the front yard away from the house, however, the backyard has been a challenge as the soil is heavily compacted and difficult to maneuver. Any ideas?
In my own yard in Oregon, I've created lower drainage areas (like serpentine rain gardens), and used the excavated soil in "hugelkultur" beds (buried wood) to raise up well drained areas. So the wet areas are
very, and the raised areas dry.
Also, my chickens have eliminated all vegetation in their run and now that is a giant mudhole (when it rains & for several days after any rain). The chicken run is, unfortunately, in the shadow of a giant fir tree until noon in the summer. Drying it out has been a challenge, and we've been in near-drought conditions since May. I'm dreading winter for them. I'm thinking rainbarrel & french drain... Any ideas?
Chickens seem to do best when rotated around. You may think about moving your chicken coop out of the shady area (their laying is also photo-dependent - they lay more with longer sunlight). I have my coop in the center of the backyard, then rotate them through different gardens every few months to give the land time to recover nd also grow a crop. Heavy mulch like leaves, woodchips, straw in their coop area soaks up a lot of water as well.
As far as wind goes, incorporation of hedgerows on the property boundaries, and how about trees on the West side, where they will also shade the house from the setting sun during summer?