Hy Garrett...Welcome to Permies.com....
I love fossorial architecture...because I love indigenous and vernacular architecture. Unfortunately, much of the "new age" builds have issues that stem from ignoring vernacular design principles and or not really understanding how "architectural systems" have to work in concert with each other. Some fossorial builds (wofati, earthship, walipini or Bikooh, etc) work better than others. It has been my
experience the more they follow traditional formats the better they work...
...I'm not sure is practical (hence the post) would be to use a biscuit joiner to connect the individual shoring planks....
Well...no...a biscuit joint is not strong
enough because the biscuit is not a very strong "spline" and relies too much on glue to work instead of the mechanics of the joint.
....However....I love the way you are thinking...it is actually beyond excellent and down right brilliant!...
Your mind is moving into "vernacular modalities." I see students with an aptitude for architecture often naturally thinking like an "historical builder." Your mind is taking the natural elements and subjecting them to a rudimentary solutions..."JOINERY." I am often reminding students...the most brilliant solution to a challenge are usually the most simple!
So, no the "cut" as you call it won't weaken the timbers, boards or plants. The "cut" is called a "mortise" and what the biscuit jointer is 'trying' to achieve is called a "splining." It doesn't do a very good job however. What is actually called for in this cast can be achieve in several ways.
1. An edge "lap joint"
2. A full length "splining."
3. Toggling or "free tenon" which is the strongest and can work in concert with number 1 and 2.
These 'toggles' can be mortised into the
wood with just mallet and chisel (a lot of very fun work...lots of work) or if you do it professionally like I do we use several different types of "mortising machines."
I will give links to the two most common ones we use and some photos below...
Makita Chain Mortiser Model 7104L
Domino 700
Looks like a biscuit jointer but isn't...This cuts an actual mortise in the receiving member.