Steve Harvey wrote:I think he said that the charger is charging through the generator and not the solar panels, so there is power going through
 As I understand this
 
Darren Carson wrote:batteries will charge through inverter/ charger powered via generator but not through solar
 the batteries a charged from AC side, but not from DC side. There are two different devices at work here, and the regulator on the solar (DC) side seems not to let any power through.
 
Steve Harvey wrote:It is possible that the charger will not charge the batteries until it reaches the required input voltage to operate?
 Yes, that is one possible problem. That's exactly why I asked for more specs or the name of the panels and regulator.
 
Steve Harvey wrote:He said that he is using 5 panels wired in parallel meaning they are producing 24 volts.
 You can't always assume that, only cause they’re rated for 24 V. This rating tells you the MPP voltage at standard radiation (1000 W/m²) and standard temp (23°C, if I remember right). Seems he had a open circuit voltage of 42 V. This is again why I asked for the name of the panels.
 
Steve Harvey wrote:would charging batteries in a series/parallel circuit, where lead acid batteries spent a few days to a week below being fully charged cause a build up of sulfate inside?
 I'm not an expert on lead acid batteries, my knowledge is focused more on lithium batteries. But according to my researches about two years ago, the one point, that speeds up aging of acid batteries the most, is discharging to a low level. It is recommended to use only about 60% of the capacity of a lead acid battery. Witch means, you should not discharge them below 40%. This does more harm than charging them slowly. So it is better to have batteries with higher capacity and only using part of it, that have smaller batteries and using more of the capacity (discharging them to a lower level) and charging them at standard rate.
 And then finally to correct the schematics, this is how the batteries really are connected: