Yes, both effects of edging with rocks are possible to occur, though pH changes might not be so much of a big deal. Rocks, like most everything on Earth (dark matter, dark
energy, etc can be discussed elsewhere), is composed of elements, molecules, and compounds.
Rock chemical composition will determine what is leached into your soil overtime, and the high
thermal mass of rocks helps retain heat and carry it over to a later time (thermal inertia). A comparison of rocks at your site with the ones on the provided link may aid in identifying the composition of the rocks in your area, and this also helps determine
how the rocks weather. Interestingly
enough, one can smell rocks, too:
The pH of the soil will change depending on the amount of hydronium and hydroxide ions are introduced into the system. The more acidic, the more hydronium ions present, and the more basic, the more hydroxide ions are present. Here is a diagram explaining how pH affects absorption of some key macro- and micronutrients:
Another reading, I think would be useful is the
chemical and physical properties of soil. Anyhow, there are some
simple DIY soil tests that can be conducted if you are concerned and wish to monitor these changes.
Rocks' thermal properties make it ideal for creating reptile (garden protectors) habitat and harvesting water with
gabions or
air wells. Drainage is altered depending on how far down and where the rocks are positioned; for example, a
french drain works by the rock and gravel's non-water-retentive. However, most rocks are at least a little porous which is why they split apart from
freeze-thaw weathering.
Overall, the effects of the rocks depends on their context within your site, your environment, their composition, size, placement, and quantity.