So what evidence have the rumour spreaders shown you?
From;
sealing earth floors
If you choose to burnish your floor, then as soon as the clay is completely dry, you can apply a sealer. The sealer densifies the top layer of clay (making it more durable & scratch-resistant), prevents dusting (so you don’t get clay on your butt when you sit on the floor), and reduces absorption (so makes it more stain-proof & easy to clean). The most common sealers are hardening oils, which react with oxygen in the air to chemically change into a hard, transparent, water-resistant, but breathable resin. Hardening oils include linseed oil (from flax seeds), hemp oil, tung oil, walnut oil, etc. The oil is applied in multiple layers, and each subsequent layer is thinned with a solvent to promote deep absorption into your floor’s surface. Common thinning solvents include citrus solvent (d-limonene based, i.e. orange peel) or mineral spirits (petroleum based). There are alternatives to oil & wax sealers, so feel free to do additional research / experimentation on that.
(The most intriguing of all sealers to me is cow urine. Traditionally used in parts of Africa, it apparently makes for a stunning floor.) You can also add pigment to your sealer if you want to enhance the color of your floor.
Here are the layers I most commonly use to seal a floor:
1st coat – pure hardening oil (1 litre covers approximately 4 square metres when applied full strength)
2nd coat – 80% hardening oil with 20% thinning solvent
3rd coat – 60% hardening oil with 40% thinning solvent
optional 4th coat for high traffic or damp areas – 40% hardening oil with 60% thinning solvent
optional beeswax paste to finish – if you want a really luscious surface that feels like leather, then I recommend a final coat of beeswax paste buffed into the surface of your sealed floor
Note on smells: the oils harden by oxidising, a chemical process that offgasses an aldehyde compound. Aldehydes are technically volatile organic compounds (VOCs), though the particular compound off gassed from oils has extremely low toxicity (unlike their cousin, formaldehyde, which is carcinogenic). However, there is definitely a smell that can linger (especially from linseed oil) and some people with respiratory issues may experience discomfort.
From;
Cows and cow urine
Apart from cow dung, cow urine is also used as an additive for plastering owing to its antifungal property; it prevents the growth of harmful fungi within the walls and floors, which is a cause of harmful diseases. It is an extremely good sealant for earthen floors. Using cow urine for sealing the topmost coat of the floor avoids cracking of the finish. Dilution of 1:10 (cow urine: water) shows an effective fungicidal property.