We're putting in a new well which we're very excited about. It will pump
water into a large (to me) 2,500 gallon cistern. I'm not worried about the cistern freezing because of its mass.
I'm planning on running 1" pex-a / propex from the pitless adapter on the well casing below the frost line and then into the cistern. But I'd rather filter the water in on the way to the cistern, rather than contribute to the water storage getting gross. Plus, the same pipe that is delivering water to the tank also has branches to the building pads. In short, the water needs to be filtered soon after it leaves the well area.
Frost depth here is about 3 feet, so I'm considering digging down about 4-5 feet, and building a "root cellar" type structure with a small wooden set of stairs and using an earthbag dome construction. The pex pipes will come right out of one side of the walls, into the filters which will be in the mostly subterranean dome, and then exit on the opposite wall.
My theory is:
a) I won't need to heat it, ever.
b) It will be protected from UV, wind, etc.
c) I have a backhoe so the excavation isn't a big deal.