Hi! Over the winter the window may not be a suitable place for growing much at all. You may need to add supplemental lighting for anything more than survival growth. If that is the case, I recommend florescent tube lights, the fixtures for a 2 foot bulb cost around 20 dollars at most hardware stores, if you don't end up continuing to garden indoors you can always mount the light above a desk or the bathroom sink. You will also need to get a "grow" bulb, they come in 2700k (red), and 6500k (blue). you want the blue light for leafy growth, the red light for flowers/fruits, both if you want to replicate a more natural spectrum. you can also get a 4 foot, 4 bulb fluorescent light fixture that covers a 4 foot by 2.5 foot area, costs between 30 and 50 dollars depending on brand. if you are seriously looking into growing food indoors look into getting T5 fluorescent fixtures instead of the t8s and t12s.
IF you want to grow anything that that requires pollination , consider dedicating a room, and if you or a loved one have allergies to sealing that room. remember you become Mother Nature when Gardening INDOORS, and it's your responsibility to pollinate, or to introduce pollinators, to provide light, water and nutrients, to predate on pests, or introduce predators, and to prevent them from catching diseases.
You can do No-Till gardening in containers it just requires large enough containers.
For a soil mix I recommend 1/3 peat moss 1/3 perlite 1/3
compost. To amend this get a a 25 pound bag of organic fertilizer, Down to Earth, Peace of Mind, Coast of Maine, Dr. Earth, and Espoma to name a few. I have used the Espoma Vegetable tone and Bio Tone mixed together with good results mixed at a 2 to 1 ratio (8 lb bag to 4lb bag). And get a 44 pound bag of Azomite, Glacial Rock Dust, or any other rock dust product and mix it 1 part dust to 3 parts fertilizer, then mix the fertilizer/dust mix into your mix, wet and let compost.
WEAR EYE, AND LUNG PROTECTION WHEN MIXING ANY ORGANIC FERTILIZER, OR ROCK DUST!!! You can add a large variety of animal manures, plant meals, and processing by products (crab shell, peanut meal, neem meal, coconut coir(use in place of peat moss if affordable) and they are all certified organic. don't forget you can even use your own compost, and soil from outside, only go to the store for the necessities.