Is this potentially fatal?

I've seen this disease before on a pine. This is on a multiflora rose, which I want gone, anyway, so it's no big deal. I am trimming it back as much as possible, as we speak. But, yeah, will this eventually kill it- especially with what I am doing on top of it?

It's hard to tell what caused this with only one picture and wharever caused it looks pretty late stage considering much of the bark is gone. But if the roots are intact and you were able to cut off all of the diseased plant material, I'd guess it will come back. Roses can be rejuvenated by pruning almost back to the ground. Plus, multflora rose is invasive in many states in the U.S. which probably means it's an especially resilient plant and hard to kill. You could remove it by uprooting it or decide to keep hacking away at any new growth that springs up.