In the example you used the glass bottle heat the air and the air heats the soil. In this case the soil acts as a heat sink.
For this to work in a green house you might want to have a gravel bed or some heat absorbing material that the air from the bottles can warm.
This would prevent over heating in the daytime and cooling at night.
I have seen were a small fan was used to blow heated air into
underground gravel/rock area to cool during day and heat at night.