Nice work with materials you had on hand! I presume it works well. I think you could alter the proportions and have it work even better. The heat riser is plenty tall
enough for a rocket stove, but the horizontal burn tunnel is quite a bit longer than optimum, and the
feed tube is shorter than you could have given the riser you have. A taller feed tube would allow longer
wood and more consistent burning.
You mentioned clay you had not being fireclay and failing... I don't see where clay would be in the photos. I have used
native clay (very sandy and stony) in rocket stoves and it has worked fine; as it burns, the part of the clay that is exposed to fire turns into pottery and gets stronger. If yours crumbles, there is probably insufficient actual clay and too much silt in it. Do you know how to do simple hand tests for the quality of clay? Can you make a sausage or rope from it and bend it without it cracking apart?
I think you could improve the function of your rocket by replacing the steel feed and one of the sections of metalbestos with a 5 gallon metal
bucket lined with clay for a feed tube, connected directly to the metalbestos pipe. You would want the total horizontal length from center of feed to center of riser to be a bit less than half the height of the riser from base to top. The feed from bottom to top
should be not more than 1/3 the height of the riser. It looks like you have 8" metalbestos pipe (10" o.d.) and a 4" x 6" steel feed tube. Ideally a rocket core is consistent in internal cross section from start to end, and if any part is slightly smaller, it should be the burn tunnel.