If you can be gentle with the cob surface and won't mind clay dust or sand occasionally on your baked goods, you can try it. A thick layer of cob will be more durable than a coat that just covers the holes in the tiles. I would make it at least 1 cm, maybe 2. There is no telling in advance how long the cob surface will last.
If you are making a traditional
cob oven that has a fire inside the oven chamber, some of the cob may get baked into soft pottery similar to the tiles. You may be able to run a large very hot fire for several hours and bake much of the cob to pottery. The doorway will be the hardest part to fire, since cold air will be coming in there. I would put some good solid tiles in the front floor and doorway to be the finished surface there.