Farther north and south latitudes get much shorter days in winter
and longer days in summer than the tropics ever get.
Eliot Coleman's earlier book on winter vegetables,
Four Season Harvest, has a lengthy section all about this question. he was inspired to harvest vegetables all winter in Maine, after travelling in France, which was as far north or farther north than Maine and thus has even shorter days in winter, but has much milder temperatures.
Coleman gives a rule of thumb in that book, that under 10 hours of daylight per day, your vegetables will tend to hunker down and not grow, but might stay fresh for the harvest, and might boom ahead as the days get longer. Personally, I think that also depends a lot on the strength of the sun in your region due to cloudiness or clear skies. Here in Ladakh we have Vermont-like temperatures in winter, but we're only 34N, so our 10-hours-or-less period is supposed to be from, I forget, like 7 Dec to 10 Jan, but I found that several types of vegetables powered on through the winter putting on growth. My best were those notoriously hardy winter green leafies, like arugula, kale, and mustard greens.
Eric Toensmeier in
Paradise Lot talks about growing a banana plant outdoors in Western Massachusetts, but it doesn't produce fruit, just makes the place feel familiar to tropical immigrant neighbors.
Eliot Coleman's
books are great for learning how to get your own vegetables through the winter.