stalk of fennel

+ Follow
since Jul 12, 2010
Merit badge: bb list bbv list
For More
Apples and Likes
Apples
Total received
In last 30 days
0
Forums and Threads

Recent posts by stalk of fennel

The more you know.

"Phosphate fixation and the response of maize to fertilizer phosphate in Kenyan soils"
https://library.wur.nl/isric/fulltext/isricu_i16437_001.pdf

4.1 CONCEPT OF P FIXATION IN LITERATURE
Since, in soil fertility and soil chemistry, the concept 'phosphate fixation' has been approached in different ways, the term phosphate fixation has been given diverse meanings and is therefore an ambiguous term.
In soil fertility, P fixation is generally interpreted as the process in which easily-soluble fertilizer phosphates are transformed into such insoluble forms that their uptake by plants is hindered or even blocked. Slight increases of available P, low recoveries of fertilizer P and small initial and rapidly-declining residual yield responses are characteristic phenomena for the occurrence of fertilizer P fixation in a soil.
In soil chemistry, P fixation has often been interpreted as the process in which P present in liquid form is almost irreversibly adsorbed by or precipitated on solid soil constituents (Sanchez and Uehara, 1980). Part of the precipitated and adsorbed P dissolves and is desor-bed, respectively, when the soil solution is depleted of P or when it is displaced by a solution that is free of P or otherwise differs in ionic composition. This portion of the soil P is readily available to plants and is designated by terms such as extractable P, exchangeable P, reversible P, labile P and available P. The other part of the soil P will dissolve or be desorbed only at a very slow rate, and it is assumed that this part is not readily available to plants. This rather insoluble part is designated by terms such as non-extractable P, non-exchangeable P, irreversible P, non-labile P, unavailable P, stable P, occluded P and fixed P.
14 years ago

Kathleen Sanderson wrote:
I DO disbud my goats.  Yes, it's a nasty job, but it's better than repeatedly having to cut stuck goats out of the fence, or, worse, finding one too late after it has gotten it's head caught in the fence and died there.  Horns are little or no protection against dogs, although I've had horned goats use their horns to gore sheep that they were pastured with (and they had plenty of room).  I've never had a horned goat try to use it's horns on me, but wouldn't want to have them around young children. 

We NEVER use horns as handles even when I do have a goat with horns, because there are nerves and major blood vessels inside the horns, and goats absolutely hate to have their horns even touched, let alone used as handles.  So that's another thing to consider, if you are concerned about the goats.  I keep collars on mine, and handle by the collars.  Mine are also bottle-raised, so I have never had any problem with catching them. 

Horns are a part of the goats' cooling system, so if it gets hot where you live, that is something else to consider.  I suspect that in the winter, dark-colored horns are also part of the goats heating system, as wild goats could lay out on a rock ledge in the sun, even on a cold day, and the horns would warm up, warming the blood that circulates through them.  But that is speculation on my part. 

If you plan to milk your goats, and you plan to leave the horns on them, you'll have to build specially-designed milking stands, or just tie the goat up next to a fence and sit on the ground to milk, perhaps.

I have, as you can see, mixed feelings about leaving horns on goats vs. disbudding.  If we lived on a large acreage with fences that goats couldn't get their heads stuck in (or even better, didn't need fences at all), I'd probably leave the horns on my goats.  We don't, so I disbud.

Kathleen



I have a pet goat, his name is Happy Goat.  I couldn't imagine how miserable he would be without horns.  He uses his horns for everything.  I imaging it would be like cutting off a few of your fingers... awe, you'll never miss them.  He also defends himself very well against dogs with his horns.  Yes, if the dog really wanted to kill him it would.  But I've seen him use his horns successfully to ward off plenty of stupid dogs that didn't know what they where getting themselves into but could probably have run him to death if they hadn't gotten a taste of the head butt and horn hook.  I've also got a 2 year old. I let her play with the Happy.  He's headbutted her but it would be the same as if he didn't have horns.  He never gives her the butt and hook. 

For those that don't know it's not the head butt that hurts when a goat butts you.. it's when they pull their head back from the butt and hook you with their horns on the way back up.  At least that's when it has for me.  Also, this is all experience with a 70lb goat not a 250lb goat.
14 years ago
use newspaper.  as of 2003 95% of newspapers printed using soy based ink.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soy_ink

edit: missed this part though.
" Even though soybean oil is an edible vegetable oil, soy ink is not edible or 100% biodegradable because the pigments and other additives that are mixed with the oil are the same as those used in petroleum-based inks. Degradability studies conducted by Erhan and Bagby concluded that the pigment cartier in 100-percent soy ink degrades almost twice as completely as ink made from soy oil and petroleum resins, and more than four times as completely as standard petroleum inks.[5][6] Soy ink is a helpful component in paper recycling because the soy ink can be removed more easily than regular ink from paper during the de-inking process. Again this refers to 100% soy inks which are not commercially viable."
14 years ago

Morganic Farms wrote:
Thanks, so far, for your replies and input.

Getting rich is not my motivation. I am interested in establishing a resource that can continue to produce a yield indefinitely after an initial investment of capitol with minimal maintenance costs. My motivation is to feed people.

An acqaintance of mine owns 150,000+ acres in Utah. The current operations are, in my opinion, being mismanaged and much of the land is not even being utilized. My friend doesn't mind too much though: 1. because the entire thing is less than 1% of his net worth 2. because the farm gets close to breaking even each year and 3. he just has to show that he is using the water in order to keep the water rights. I want to put together a proposal to implement some permaculture design principles on this land.

Can you imagine a food forest that is 200+ sqare miles growing in the middle of the desert in Utah? This is what I first envisioned after watching a youtube video of Geoff Lawton in 'Greening the Desert'. The line, "You can solve all of the world's problems in a garden." struck me. An entrepreneur solves problems. People are unemployed and can't feed their families. That's a problem. This could be an amazing example of permaculture's viability which would help persuade farmers to move away from traditional techniques and start a global trend toward permaculture.



I know it's not your fault or whatever but AAARRRRGH!  Here in Texas people waste water just to keep their water rights.  It's disgusting.  Sorry to get off topic.
14 years ago

Jocelyn Campbell wrote:
Interesting. Though the myth he's debunking is not one I've heard of. I've heard tell of conifer wood chips making it harder for plants to thrive, not all-out killing them. It makes sense that it's unlikely that conifer wood chips would kill plants.

The article mentions that cedar inhibits bacteria and fungi. That's a positive when you want your wood to last in the outdoors, but not so much in the garden. Thoughts?




interestingly enough morel mushroom season is about to start here in central texas.  apparently they are only found in cedar/juniper groves on sloped limestone ground.  weird huh?
14 years ago
Well I started digging around.  Gotta get that knowledge.  Here you go Paul   I think the good Doctor may have been getting her information from the 7th link down.

Well she is saying that there isn't any evidence out there.  I wouldn't normally link to an ehow article like the one below but it sent me off in the right direction with a reference to a Drake University study.
http://www.ehow.com/about_6399802_do-trees-strawberries-grow-together_.html

Study talked about in the link above.  Drake University Study
http://escholarshare.drake.edu/bitstream/handle/2092/956/Poster%2020.pdf?sequence=1

Interesting article about how Allelopathy is tested for in the lab.  Makes mention of a few plants but not cedar.
http://csip.cornell.edu/Projects/CEIRP/AR/Allelopathy.htm

This pdf from the UF says that 'Preliminary reports indicate that wood extracts inhibit lettuce seed as
much as or more than black walnut extracts'  They give no indication on what kind of study was done or how they come to that conclusion.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/HS/HS18600.pdf

I wish I could get the whole book but this small section seems to indicate that White Cedar has effects on grasses germinating.  I actually read somewhere else that cedar effects monocots but not dicots.
http://books.google.com/books?id=5-3AEm2erJIC&pg=PA348&lpg=PA348&dq=cedar+allelopathy+study&source=bl&ots=mLxeTJ2nd_&sig=IVsh9idgU-F1LOnksb6VDw2O_L0&hl=en&ei=dtZjTcn0BsO78gaQ8cTpCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=cedar&f=false

Here's another article about woodchip mulch coming from the same source.  She speaks of a study done with 15 different types of mulch that wood chips where one of the best.  She doesn't mention how the study was conducted though.
http://www.puyallup.wsu.edu/~linda%20chalker-scott/horticultural%20myths_files/Myths/magazine%20pdfs/Woodchips.pdf

Maybe the most intersting study done, yet they don't really study cedar.  This is the first scientific study I've seen where they study the soil pH under different mulches.  After 1 year pine needles had shifted the soil pH down (more acidic) but after 15 months there was no difference in pH under the various types of mulch.  It also says:
"The presence of hydroxylated aromatic compounds in all 6 fresh mulches and the demonstrated inhibition of germination
by fresh mulch extracts suggests that, at least initially, all the mulches have allelopathic properties to
some degree. With mulches, allelopathic properties could have 2 possible impacts: 1) a mulch might inhibit
germination of weed seeds, or 2) a mulch might inhibit growth of landscape plants. After 1 year in the
field, there was no difference in the number of weeds growing in any of the mulches. The study comparing
15 organic mulches showed less weed growth with mulches compared to bare soil but no difference between
all the mulches tested"
Another thing I really like reading here was that mulch generated by utility services had the highest nutrient value of all the mulches but that it also broke down the fastest.  I suppose this makes complete sense because of the diversity (where have we heard that word before) of material.
http://www.treelink.org/joa/1999/march/06_COMPARISON_OF_LANDSCAPE_MULCHES_duryea.pdf

This article said that they tested five prairie grasses and one of them was effected by Red Cedar.  Reading about how they went about the study makes it seem like not a very good way of going about it.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1015&context=napcproceedings

One last study.  Comparing magnolia and cedar (juniper actually).  Seem to have about the same effect on seed germination.
http://www.fngla.org/education-and-research/research/reports/161/report1.pdf


To me it looks like all wood based mulches have anti germinating effects on seeds, especially monocots (grasses).  It doesn't seem to me that cedar is any more of an inhibitor then the other wood based mulches.  Enjoy the read
14 years ago
Ive read plants stressed for water are more nutritious for aphids.
14 years ago
I once read that lemongrass is a good companion for grapes.  I also can't track this info down again... arg!
14 years ago

brice Moss wrote:
how do they tolerate heavier soils? I've got to much clay to easily grow potatoes so I'm looking for a substitute, and crowds out the weeds sounds perfect for me for a starch producing patch



the ones i bought from the store had some serious clay still stuck to it.. so maybe so.
14 years ago