Our farmer neighbors have used no till for a long time. They plant 2 crops a year usually , alternating corn , soy , wheat and sometimes tobacco. When they harvest with a combine they throw all the stalk ,
cob , leaf , hulls etc . back onto the ground . After a corn harvest there is quite a bit of organic matter on top of the soil and the
roots and lower stalk is left in the ground. Sounds like a recipe for good soil building , right ?. In the spring some of them disk lightly , some plant right into the ground without any till. I practice much the same idea with chop and drop and mulch in my orchard and garden. However my soil is turning to nice black humus after only 3 seasons. In the neighboring fields the soil is grey or reddish clay , the stalks and roots just sit without decay - there must be no beneficial microorganisms left at all after the routine bathing in glycophosphate , anydrous ammonia , and pesticide. In the spring the brown fields are covered in buttercup - pretty yellow flowers , soon to be dosed with agent orange. No till has a long way to go.