The thermal mass doesn't really absorb the light directly.
The darker colours thst the thermal mass is usuallly painted, absorb the light. Black absorbs 100% of the light which is why black isn't really a colour, it's a lack of colour being reflected which is why black is the most effective for passive
solar.
So the colour absorbs the "visible spectrum" light and converts it to infrared which is abridged by the thermal mass. A passive system usually has this themal mass behind a glass box, sometimes termed the aperture, which traps in the infrared
energy.
The wavelength of visible light easily passes through glass but when it's converted to infrared by the colour black, the wavelength is downgraded and it can't pass back out through the glass again and gets absorbed through the thermal mass.
Or at least this how it's supposed to work.