All ceramics "breathe" to some extent and that is more a function of pore size than it is color. The only real way to make ceramics (and I mean that in the most general sense that any metal oxide can be used as the starting material to make a ceramic) non-porous is to vitrify them. That's what happens when you put pottery in a kiln, the surface gets hot
enough for it to start to melt and it glassifies. Now it may get hot enough on the inside of your
rocket stove, but it probably won't unless you coat it with a special slip. Slips and glazes are surface coating for pottery that have a glass transition temperature significantly lower than the rest of the pot so that only the surface glassifies.
I wouldn't worry about it being able to breathe. The problem with cob/adobe is usually on the other side, they are
too porous. Think about saltillo tiles used for floors. One big problem there is to seal them so that spills of liquid will clean up and not leave the surface permanently discolored.