How are frames typically integrated with stem walls? The top, middle, or bottom one?
(The red being the stem wall, the brown main frame posts, and gray the foundation).
I'm not sure what is typical but a wooden post that is exposed to both the interior and exterior of of a building will be an avenue for thermal bridging.
The first sketch would allow you to set your strawbales on top of the stem wall, with the posts completely inside the building envelope.
They would take up some interior space, but they would not contribute to thermal bridging at all.
The other two examples would contribute to thermal bridging , the third example quite a bit.
We built on a concrete foundation though I feel the techinique is the same.
And there might be several techniques.
First would be a frame is constructed then raised and anchored.
If your structure is round this might help:
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