Nobel prize for 2025, category of medicine.

But precisely what is it that they discovered? Is it too early to use there discovery in home herbalism treatment for autoimmune issues?

They understood how the immune system is kept in check
The body’s powerful immune system must be regulated, or it may attack our own organs. Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi are awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025 for their groundbreaking discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance that prevents the immune system from harming the body. Their discoveries have laid the foundation for a new field of research and spurred the development of new treatments, for example for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
From the Nobel prize site. Full article there.

I found a video about the award the discoveries that led to it.

So, a while back, Shimon Sakaguchi showed that T(reg) cells exist, but the other two showed how they work?

Ok, this article kinda says that.

The story behind the prize stretches over decades. Shimon Sakaguchi first described a class of regulatory T cells that guard against autoimmune attacks. Mary Brunkow and Fred Ramsdell later found that mutations in the Foxp3 gene in mice cause a severe autoimmune disorder known as the scurfy phenotype, and they showed that FOXP3 is crucial for the development and function of regulatory T cells. The combined insight — cells that enforce immune peace and the gene that controls them — created the field now called peripheral immune tolerance. This field opened clinical pathways: researchers now study how to strengthen Treg cells in autoimmune diseases or weaken their influence when a stronger immune attack against tumors is desired.

From here.

That explains why the research papers are talking about T(reg) cells for a couple decades. So, not new information, but fresh recognition.

Yay for recognition!