Trinda, there are different ways to approach this. If your main worry is particulate matter that is in the air then the best way to block them would be a wind break. Slowing the polluted wind currents as they enter your property will effectively knock the particles down. Pines and evergreens, bamboos, and
alot of other plants make effective windbreaks. Even moreso if they are strategically planted for the type of wind they are breaking.
Some species that have specifically been used in phytoremediation are mugo pine, Monterey pine, sunflowers, arundo donax, red bud, Chenopodium album(lambsquarter), and mustard family plants. If you can knock the particles down at a controlled spot than it
should decrease the amount that you have to inhale, and the amount that ends up landing on your edible garden.
Earlier studies had assumed that people were harmed only by the emissions from planes while taking off and landing. The new research is the first to give a comprehensive estimate of the number of premature deaths from all airline emissions.
"We found that unregulated emissions from [planes flying] above 3,000 feet [914 meters] were responsible for most of the deaths," said study leader Steven Barrett, an aeronautical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge.
from
national geographic
If this is true then the extra danger associated with being near the airport doesnt really apply to the actual jet exhaust. The real deadly stuff comes out when the jet is flying higher and faster.