But I wouldn't think that there would be
that much soil disturbance in comparison to the surface area of soil that is covered.
I use sweet potatoes as a cover crop in this regard, and you've got to dig those up as well in order to harvest. Some soil disturbance is inevitable, but in the grand scheme of things, you'd only be disturbing maybe 20%, if that. If you've got loose, friable soil with good tilth, you'd be able to stand above the mature peanut plants, pull them straight up and out of the soil, and harvest your crop. The vines would then be composted or just piled up as mulch. And if you don't get 100% of the nuts out of the ground, all the better . . . self-seeding cover crops that produce calories next year is a bonus. In that regard, I haven't planted sweet potatoes in 10 years.
So, yes, I think that if you have a space where you don't care about
volunteer peanuts next year and you are just looking to get a lot of biomass, peanuts would be a good choice.
"The rule of no realm is mine. But all worthy things that are in peril as the world now stands, these are my care. And for my part, I shall not wholly fail in my task if anything that passes through this night can still grow fairer or bear fruit and flower again in days to come. For I too am a steward. Did you not know?" Gandolf