I can share my
experience and see if it helps:
Two summers ago I built 3 large
raised garden beds from cob. I live in a semi-arid climate (though that seems to be changing). There has been minor erosion on the top tiers of the beds mostly due to a few heavy rainfalls and a bit of freeze thaw fracturing in places where I
should have used a bit more straw in the mix.
To build "good boots" I dug down into the soil about half a meter and filled the trench with rubble, gravel and flat stones. I then dry stacked stone above ground level (about 30cm tall). Cob was laid on top of those foundations and there had been no erosion at ground level, even during the Spring snow melt.
As of yet I don't have a 'hat' on the beds, though I plan on doing a lime plaster for
water residency.
What you are proposing is basically an outdoor earthen floor. Do you have the ability to source rubble and stone to build a tall foundation? Or earthbags or suber-adobe?
On top, you could lay flagstones into a lime mortar for weather resistant surface treatment, but even then I'm not sure how it would do with standing water, so you'd want to channel any water off and away. Maybe a linseed oil surface coat as well?
Anyway, just some ideas of how you might experiment with this idea. There are probably less laborious ways to build it (like reclaimed lumber), but please post your results if you decide to move forward!