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Perennial root veg and wireworms

 
pollinator
Posts: 1781
Location: Victoria BC
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I have a lot of wireworms.

I am hesitant to plant perennial root vegetables; time is always a scarce commodity, and I suspect I might just be providing permanent hosts for wireworms, and finding the crop is damaged beyond use.

In terms of annuals, they are damaging to garlic, very damaging to onions, devastating to potatoes.. and thus far apparently disinterested in beets. Hm.


Anyone growing perennial root crops with heavy wireworm pressure able to comment?
 
pioneer
Posts: 485
Location: On the plateau in crab orchard, TN
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to see amount of wire worms, cut a potato in half and place face down on soil?  Check daily?
 
pioneer
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Location: WV- up in the hills
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Because I suspected I knew the critter and figure others probably would like a picture to positively identify the bug(s), I submit this post for your inspection!~ I don't think I knew wireworm and click beetle to be the same creature prior to this! Learn something new/gnu every day!!


Wireworm
Wireworm, Melanotus spp., larva
Wireworms, Melantus spp., adult also known as click beetle
Melanotus spp.

Identification:
The wireworm is slender, jointed, usually hard-shelled, with three pairs of legs, and tan brown in color. This is the immature stage of the click beetle, which deposit eggs on soil during May and June. Grasses, sod and sorghum-sudangrass are favorite egg-laying sites. Eggs hatch to become wireworms that feed below-ground on seeds, roots, tubers and other plant tissue. Wireworms feed for several years before pupating and emerging as adults. Thus, a wireworm problem in the spring probably means there was an attractive grass crop present sometime in the past 3-5 years. Wireworms also prefer wet soils and moderate temperatures; they migrate up to reach warmer soils, but down to avoid excessive cold, heat, or drought.

Cultural Controls & Prevention:
Unfortunately, practices that enhance organic matter in the soil may actually worsen wireworm problems. For example, one field where wireworm caused significant damage to early peas had been rotated through two years of rye cover crop to build organic matter. Another instance occurred after a thick winter cover of vetch and rye.

Often growers use floating row cover over early crops in order to exclude insect pests, only to find that these seedling pests cause trouble right underneath the cover. This pest overwinters in soil, especially where there is a lush cover crop, and will seek out food and egg-laying sites as soon as they become active in spring. That includes your prized transplants!


Crops that are affected by this insect:
Carrot and Parsnip
Corn, Sweet
Corn, Ornamental and Popcorn
Cucumber, Muskmelon, and Watermelon
Leeks
Onion
Potato
Sweet Potato
wireworm-becomes-click-beetle.jpg
[Thumbnail for wireworm-becomes-click-beetle.jpg]
wireworm_lv_ms.jpg
[Thumbnail for wireworm_lv_ms.jpg]
 
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