John Seymour in his book
self sufficiency says
"Very good paints can be made from a mixture of sour
milk, hydrated (slaked) lime, and any coloured earth pigment that you can find. The lime and the sour milk must have neutralized each other, and this can be tested with litmus paper: if the paper turns red add more lime, if it turns blue add more sour milk. The pigment that you add to this is any strongly coloured earth, sediment or clay. Dig it out and boil it in
water several times, each time in new water. Strain off the water and dry- the sediment in a warm place. Pulverize it as finely as you can and store. Mix this powder with the milk-lime mixture until you get the colour you want. Keen paint-makers keep an eye out as they travel about the countryside for any colourful looking earth or clay, and grab it when they see it. "
if you want something a bit more holdfast than chalk