Burl,
Your little diagram is sort of a bare bones version of what could work.
My contraption lacks the inverter but theoretically it could work.
For practical purposes though, if one wants to charge something like an 18 volt battery for a power tool, one is going to need to have a substantial
solar panel setup. My little approximate 25 watt solar panel took a couple of days to finish charging my 12 volt 15 ah SLA battery. Higher voltage is going to be trickier and there will be some losses to the inverter. But it theoretically could be done.
My next build
should have no problem charging up tool batteries. That one will have a 100 ah battery, a 1200 watt inverter and approximately 200 watts of solar panels.
On another note: the solar panel is an excellent source of power—in excellent light conditions. This last week we have had days that started clear then got light hazy clouds and eventually overcast clouds. In clear or hazy conditions, the solar panel really pumped out the electricity. As the sky turned gray the solar panels still worked but only put out about half the voltage and charging basically stopped. I was setting my solar panel and battery box on a slight southern slope with no obstructions. As long as the light was good, so was the charging. I basically let it sit out all day.
Eric