My first thought is to take down every other tree (or every third if they are very close) and plant your new hedging plants in the new gaps, and do this gradually--probably over the
course of several years. If it's really tall, maybe you could shorten the remaining conifers to let some more light in.
Another thought: when planting the new hedging, put in something quick-growing and tall in front of it, to act as a temporary hedge; maybe some cane fruit like raspberries would work, or a temporary
trellis with some runner beans.
To improve the soil down there, you could put down anything you have to hand: manure,
compost or compostable materials, and/or try sowing some green manure seeds; maybe the felled conifers could be chipped and used for a mulch on top of it.