I am in a warmer zone, so I can't directly answer your question. My experience has been that they do seem to be a perennial that gets stronger and more weather tolerant over time, in comparison to the first year or two. Perhaps it would be helpful to plant more types of runner beans than just the scarlett runners in case some work better than others. Personally I like these:
https://www.ranchogordo.com/products/ayocote-morado
I found them to be pretty sturdy plants. I tried the Sunset runner beans from Baker Creek, and they are pretty, I've also tried some white flower runner beans in the past but I didn't try to keep those multiple years. The vine seemed smaller on the white ones.