what MPH wind might uproot a new bare-root tree?

I just got a bare root apple tree today and got it in the ground, but the stake I ordered at the same time has been delayed so I have nothing to provide extra stability. It's gonna be a little bit rainy tonight with some wind, maybe 8 to 10 MPH, and I'm wondering what might be danger zone speed for uprooting a freshly planted bare root tree. I reckon I'm gonna be checking on it periodically all night, lol

Well, it depends. If there are lots of roots and not much above ground, it should take a lot to blow over the tree. Conversely, if the root structure is poor and the trunk massive, it won't take nearly as much. Additionally, since the bareroot tree was just planted there shouldn't be leaves on the tree right now which should further improve its resistance to being blown over.

If there's a decent root system relative to the size of the trunk, I wouldn't start to be concerned until the winds got above 40 mph. Also, I like to prune my apple trees to an open center, and the knee-high heading cut further improves their wind resistance.

Maybe you could find something to use as a stake until the one you ordered comes.

Tree limb, fence post, broom handle, any tool handle, piece of pipe, etc.

10 mph will probably be okay though...

I have honestly never staked a tree.

I barerooted and moved 10 larger fruit trees this spring, into a very high wind area. I think 80 km/h is the most they've experienced so far (not yet leafed) but no movement. I did firm the roots in well into the soil and significantly head back the branches as i work to establish their inital structure, which may help with wind resistance.  I also never stakes them in their previous location.

I read once that staking trees makes for weaker trunks as it prevents them flexing and growing stronger. Not sure if it is TRUE, but as i am both lazy and cheap, i took that advice and ran with it!

Thanks for the insight and perspective, everybody! The tree survived the night just fine.

I'm on the fence now as to whether I will actually use the stakes once they arrive (have a second tree coming, probably tomorrow). Leaning towards "won't." I really appreciate the detailed info you guys gave, helped fill in a lot of blanks for me as a first-time tree planter and provided some guidance for the couple years ahead.