The spring pole lathe is several hundred years old. Although it has the drawback of rotating in two directions and only cutting in one, it has the advantage of being extraordinarily simple to build and maintain. Use, well, it's a lathe, your mileage may vary
Treadle types, with or without flywheels, are more complex machines. They are an improvement, but require a different level of technology than the pole lathes.
Options. Lots of options.