Crab apples, apart from having dark red flowers which only the Japanese crab is and i know it, a good acid apple that works well for crab apple jelly, is a valuable tree because crab apples are good for making crab apple jelly, this jelly is the English alternative to sweet and sour sauce, jam made of the juice of the fruit so what you get is a beautiful transparent red jelly eaten with ham and lamb.
Red currants are also used for making a jelly, traditionally also eaten with meat.
I also have a decorative plum, mu husbands family have an old one in the garden so I thought he would like it. As an old tree had its attractions, a thick trunk and it was always in flower at Easter time, it gave fruit too.
The best jams are made of pretty sour fruit so crab apples are what you need for jam making. Apples make a very tasteless jam except if you pick them unripe and a bit sour and cook up lots of them and treat three kilos of apples as one kilo of crabs and then make jam with the boiled down juice of the apples so the juice is stronger than it would be if it weren't boiled down.
Experiment, even though you waste some apples in the end you will know how to make good apple jelly.
I have one crab apple tree but its fruit are not as sour as the ones of the Japanese crab I know, so i want to have a Japanese crab apple. I don’t know how many people make jam in America. I have just read in the pemaculture
magazine, which is English, that not many people know how to in England, so it is important to give out all your jam making information. The situation might be very different in America..
I cook the crab apples in
water for a hour say, i have known jam makers who cook them with the sugar and for a shorter for a shorter amount of time. I think the longer you cook them the more likely the pips are to give up their pectin. Which is good for the health of your intestines.
Most people cook the fruit with the sugar, same weight of sugar to fruit and water to stop the whole burning. Look up recipes in google for exact quantities. When done they strain off the fruit, that is when it is a jelly you are making and when you have strained off the fruit you are left with juice, the jelly.
I strain of the fruit with a colander or sieve and the jelly comes out clear. Perfectionists strain it through a jelly bag which in its most serious form is to strain it through something that looks like an upside down felt hat.
You can take the scum off the top of the jam as it cooks and throws up froth, I don’t bother with this rule any more than I bother with jelly bags, I find the scum I scope off the top of the jam only turns back into jam again in the plate I put it into an dit seems to be the most lellyfied part of the juice or I only bother with it a bit and the jam comes out fine.
When I have cooked the apples I drain them and then add the sugar and cook the juice with sugar till it reaches the point when it will set like jam does.
Cooking the fruit for a while without the sugar was an idea i got from an old recipe and it seems to me that it lessens the time you are cooking the fruit with the sugar in it and so have to be especially careful to stir the jam all the time to stop it burning at the bottom. Stirring your jam is one of the things that makes jam making bothersome and the other is that the recipes say the jam only needs to be boiled for twenty minutes and I always find myself stirring for an hour maybe more before it will set a bit but more experienced jam makers than me make jam quicker than I do.
To find out if the jam is ready you take out a teaspoonful of the jam every so often, when you feel it must be nearly cooked, and put it on a plate and wait a while for it to get cold and then tip the plate so the drop of jam moves. If it is going to set as it should, the blob of jam on your plate will, in cooling, have formed a slight skin and will have thickened a bit, so that the blob wrinkles up a bit and the jam will not run. If the wrinkles are very fine it is not ready yet. I often get jam too thick and sometimes too runny, which means you have to cook it again.
The recipes i know of for jam making say, that you need a pound of sugar for a pound of fruit and with this knowledge i just guess how much i am going to put in the juice i have from cooking my crab apples.
The jam point will be reach when enough liquid has boiled off so it does not matter much if you don’t put in the exact amount of sugar to fruit juiced. I would like jam to be less sweet and affect my teeth less negatively.
Things like jelly and jam take a while to set completely, like a 24 hours so the plate test will not let you see how it is when it is fully set, it will just let you know if it is going to set properly.
Sugar works to stop the fruit from rotting so jam is a conserve, as is salting meat say. If you put in too little sugar, you run the risk of making a mixture that will go off with time.
Jam making is a sister to sweet making if you make toffee you put sugar into water and cook it up. I used to make toffee apples as a child. The toffee goes golden when the water evaporates and the sugar starts to toast but very soon after it goes golden it suddenly goes black, burns, so you have to take it off the heat quickly when it starts to go golden, remembering it will go on getting a bit more golden after you take it off the heat, it takes a little bit of time to cool down. That is how to make toffee apple toffee, if you want nicer toffee, you put butter into your mix and it comes out a bit softer. If you put in too much water you just have to wait a long time for it to toffee.
The moment when the sugar in your water sets to make a thick liquid as it does in jam, is earlier then the toffee making point in the cooking process.
There is a jam thermometer which tells you when your jam reaches jam point it is probably well worth having, I always over or under cook jam with my cooling on a plate test. No body in this house eats jam, I have to give it away.
A jam thermometer or jam and sugar thermometer works to tell you when jam is done because, as the percentage of sugar in your jam gets greater because the water evaporates off as it cooks, the liquid boils at a higher and higher temperature, sugar boils at a higher temperature than water, so if your mix reaches a certain temperature you know it will set like jam, it is a way of knowing what percentage of sugar there is to water.
Jam also sets because there is pectin in the stones and pips of the fruit which substance is good for your digestive tract. Pectin behaves like jelly and is incorporated into at least some jam making sugars, you don’t have to buy special sugar to make jam, but you can.
If you go on cooking your jam beyond the jam point you will be into making sweets. as your mixture gets hotter it will hit the fudge mark fudge though has fats in it, it is made with cream or condensed
milk instead of water . At another temperature it is possible to make Edinburgh rock a delicious sweet and only to be found in Scotland as far as I know, it has a chalky texture, you have to pull and double your softish toffee like substance while still warm again and again to get it to go chalky. The next would be toffee or boiled sweets mark or dead hard sugar mark. I am spouting this out from memory so its bound to be a bit wrong, it comes from what my mother said to me years ago. Look it all up in google to get real recipes.