Walter Byrd wrote: .....It is always dry, and now we are in the middle of another drought. More water restrictions and so on.
Watering under the ground, or at least, under the mulch, seems to make sense to me. ...
Just from some old experiences from central Utah through to Oregon and others in those climes will certainly add their own. The canal system would deliver water locally and then be distributed into yards in many cases via flood irrigation. Big operations clearly are still using pivot irrigation while others are using 'in-infurrow' where canal water is channeled between crop rows and allowed to fill the trough between rows. For homestead type of watering where you are looking to conserve water, have you been watering more at dusk or at night? That for sure can reduce rapid evaporation. If I were living in that region again, I probably would set up the garden for in-furrow irrigation. Plant your annuals in two adjacent rows and then make sure there is a trough between them that will hold water temporarily......usually adding soil to both ends to aid in the integrity of the trough. To the extent that your situation allows, when watering, try to make the trough quite saturated with water and this trough can be covered with mulch to retain moisture. Personally, even though I don't have proof for benefit, I like to give all foliage a quick spray of water as well, just to let them know that it just "rained". This approach has its greatest effect when plants' foliage is large enough to begin shading the row--if you are just starting seeds, probably better to keep the seeds themselves moist and watered. By day, the mulch and plant foliage will assist in reducing evaporation and with mid-season plants, their roots will easily be reaching into the furrow below ground. Good luck!