I think Anne summed it up, the egg yolks don't reach a high enough acidity to protect from exposed botulism from the poked hole. Although there was mention that these pickled kinds of products should be stored at 39 degrees or less and measuring to ensure high enough acidity. I believe I have seen a number in my lifetime of big old egg jars on a counter, so the temp thing might be some kind of a controversy on its own. Another university published article I read said pickled eggs should never be at room temperature except for serving time, when they should be limited to no more than 2 hours in the temperature danger zone of 40 to 140 degrees F. Was everyones refrigerated in the past?
From this article I gleaned...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4934a2.htm
C. botulinum spores are ubiquitous. Safe food preservation methods destroy spores or inhibit their germination and growth. Conditions that promote germination and growth of C. botulinum spores include absence of oxygen (anaerobic conditions), low acidity (pH >4.6), temperatures >39 F [4 C])...