Here is my experience.
In 2014 I have planted 6 pistachio trees: 5 Kerman female and 1 Peters male. At that time I was commuting twice a year to California from Midwest and did not have time to baby any trees, because I was focusing on building. The trees were growing fine with intermittent watering by hand by some friends. One female died. For 9 years I have not seen a single flower, but was convincing myself that because of my unique microclimate I have to wait one or two more years. Two weeks ago I was getting some heavy lumber from a mill surrounded by orchards with trees that I could not recognize. I was seeing these trees for years. I was in some shock when I noticed that theses trees have pistachios hanging and look complete different than what I have.
It turned out that my mismanagement of the trees allowed the extremely vigorous rootstock to overgrow and literally absorb the scion and what I have are five massive and useless Chinese pistachios, because they are used as rootstock. I realized that for years I was cultivating ornamental trees in my fruit orchard. I got so angry that I wanted to cut them right away and later bring an excavator and dig them out, but restrained my plans and realized that now I have perfectly developed rootstock for regrafting with actual pistachio. The branches are 80-100 mm diameter. In the early spring I'm going to chop half of each tree, leave 2 or 3 branches and do cleft grafting with two scions per branch and later I will remove the weaker one. In another year I will chop the rest.
After I realized what I'm growing I'm seeing Chinese pistachio trees everywhere in the cities. The suckers from the tree grew 1.5 m tall since I cut them 7 months ago. I know they would survive untouched with no
irrigation.
The positive of that is that after grafting such huge trees I
should have nuts relatively quickly.
Regarding the temperatures - the lowest I recorded on my
land was 21 F, but I'm sure it can get lower to 10.
Another lessons is to be careful with trees grafted on vigorous rootstock that has no culinary value. If my apples die and rootstock grows I will have one of the best apples - Antonowka, for pears Bartlett (not the best but still good), for plums myrobalam plum and so on.