We built a large circular earthbag root cellar in 2018/2019. It took two summers to complete because it had to be built at ground level and then bermed up around it due to high groundwater level. I tell people that I couldn't dig down so I had to dig up, but nobody gets it. During lulls in construction, I covered the partially complete walls with tarps to keep out sunlight and rain, and over the winter I filled the whole thing with the dirt that I would be using the following summer to fill the remaining earthbags. It felt horribly counter-productive but I was terrified of the walls being destroyed by frost over winter. Everything was covered with styrofoam and tarps before the snow came. In spring, when I uncovered it all, it was exactly as I had left it, and when I resumed filling earthbags I was working at ground level. For a few rows, anyway. I installed weeping tile all around at the base and it drains out to a lower spot nearby.
Once the walls were up, we moved our Groovy Yurt on top of it and installed a trapdoor from inside. I'm still not finished the berm because at this stage everything needs to be done by wheelbarrow. I'd gotten my 4wd
tractor with trailer stuck a few times before giving up on machinery to finish the job. This year, for sure!?
In terms of function, it has done very well. It is currently at 1degC and has never gone below 0. In the late summer it got as high as 9degC but I think once the berm is complete, insulated and waterproofed it
should stay cooler. I think the lack of any openings in the walls helps a lot, so my
experience may not translate well to what you are considering but I hope it helps somehow.