most everything you mentioned should work, so those are your options.
pros for stratifying in the fridge is you can control it a bit more and look in on them, give them a peroxide soak if they get funky. cons is sometimes they get funky, its good to check on them.
it's also a bit awkward to transplant them if they already sprouted, depending on what medium you choose. sometimes with paper towels they get all stuck into it and even through it, making it difficult to get them out gently and put them in soil. you could stratify them in the fridge in peat moss for a short while, and then plant outside in a couple of months.
pros to planting outside in a pot or a special nursery bed(or direct seed) is- its easy. if you do know where you want them that is an option, i would dig up a bit around where you want them, fill that with half the soil you dug out and half something else, finished
compost, bag dirt, coco coir, etc so its nice and fluffy around the
root area.
cons are that animals and birds might mess them up and dig them up. seeing how you are in a really cold climate you could plant them now in the
greenhouse and they would get stratified and be protected, as long as its not heated.
anyway you go, you should plant them immediately, or at least get them in cold stratification in the fridge, they need moisture and to not completely dry out.with the cold strat in fridge you want them to be moist, not totally soaking wet, but a good soak before hand starts them off as they absorb
water.