I was looking for scientific publications on anything closely relating a rocket mass heater just the other day. The closest thing I could find were journal publications on particulate emissions for masonry heaters. The studies were typically performed in Europe. When I lived in Germany my friend told me they were quite concerned about combustion particulates (diesel trucks and wood burning, typically).
How I found the articles (abstract only typically):
scholar.google.com
did a search on 'masonry heaters'
To my knowledge, I don't think anyone has done any particulate/aerosol studies on RMH. As a graduate student I worked in a aerosol laboratory and am familiar with the testing process, but don't have the tens of thousands of dollars to spend on the testing equipment to do a study.
A quick solution maybe an
electrostatic precipitator. I can imagine something being built from stainless steel and charged/operated by solar.
Yet, in the greater picture forest fires are way more polluting/particulate generating than residential fireplaces.